abstract：:The Amazon River watershed and its associated plume comprise a vast continental and oceanic area. The microbial activities along this continuum contribute substantially to global carbon and nutrient cycling, and yet there is a dearth of information on the diversity, abundance, and possible roles of viruses in this glo...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Silva BSO,Coutinho FH,Gregoracci GB,Leomil L,de Oliveira LS,Fróes A,Tschoeke D,Soares AC,Cabral AS,Ward ND,Richey JE,Krusche AV,Yager PL,de Rezende CE,Thompson CC,Thompson FL

更新日期：2017-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Export of parasite proteins into the host erythrocyte is essential for survival of Plasmodium falciparum during its asexual life cycle. While several studies described key factors within the parasite that are involved in protein export, the mechanisms employed to traffic exported proteins within the host cell are curr...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Cobb DW,Florentin A,Fierro MA,Krakowiak M,Moore JM,Muralidharan V

更新日期：2017-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Arginine is an important pH-elevating agent in the oral cavity. It has been incorporated in oral hygiene formulations to mitigate sensitivity and to prevent caries. In this investigation, the effects of sustained arginine dosing of dental plaque microcosms on bacteriological composition and pH were evaluated under con...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Ledder RG,Mistry H,Sreenivasan PK,Humphreys G,McBain AJ

更新日期：2017-08-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza D virus (IDV) is unique among four types of influenza viruses in that it utilizes cattle as a primary reservoir. The thermal and acid stability of IDV were examined and directly compared with those of influenza A virus (IAV), influenza B virus (IBV), and influenza C virus (ICV). The results of our experiment...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Yu J,Hika B,Liu R,Sheng Z,Hause BM,Li F,Wang D

更新日期：2017-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that causes superficial fungal infections and lethal systemic infections. To colonize and establish infections, C. albicans coordinates the expression of virulence and metabolic genes. Previous work showed that the homeodomain transcription factor Grf10 is req...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Wangsanut T,Ghosh AK,Metzger PG,Fonzi WA,Rolfes RJ

更新日期：2017-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 can grow without lipid A, the major component of lipooligosaccharide. However, we previously reported that depletion of LpxH (the fourth enzyme in the lipid A biosynthetic pathway) prevented growth of this strain due to toxic accumulation of lipid A pathway intermediates. Here, we ex...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Wei JR,Richie DL,Mostafavi M,Metzger LE 4th,Rath CM,Sawyer WS,Takeoka KT,Dean CR

更新日期：2017-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlamydia trachomatis delivers multiple type 3 secreted effector proteins to host epithelial cells to manipulate cytoskeletal functions, membrane dynamics, and signaling pathways. TepP is the most abundant effector protein secreted early in infection, but its molecular function is poorly understood. In this report, we...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Carpenter V,Chen YS,Dolat L,Valdivia RH

更新日期：2017-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Current in vitro techniques for the culture of microorganisms, and particularly of delicate microbial biofilms, are still mostly limited to low-density plates and manual labor and are not amenable to automation and true high-throughput (HT) applications. We have developed a novel fully automated platform for the forma...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Srinivasan A,Torres NS,Leung KP,Lopez-Ribot JL,Ramasubramanian AK

更新日期：2017-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 genome modification systems have greatly facilitated the genetic analysis of fungal pathogens. In CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing methods designed for use in Candida albicans, DNAs that encode the necessary components are expressed in the target cells. ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Grahl N,Demers EG,Crocker AW,Hogan DA

更新日期：2017-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic yeast that causes lethal cryptococcal meningitis in immunocompromised patients. One of the challenges in treating cryptococcosis is the development of resistance to azole antifungals. Previous studies linked azole resistance to elevated numbers of copies of critical resistance g...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Altamirano S,Fang D,Simmons C,Sridhar S,Wu P,Sanyal K,Kozubowski L

更新日期：2017-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying the rapidly reversible brain swelling described in patients with cerebral malaria (CM) are unknown. Using a 1.5-Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, we undertook an observational study in Rourkela, India, of 11 Indian patients hospitalized with CM and increased brain volume. Am...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Mohanty S,Benjamin LA,Majhi M,Panda P,Kampondeni S,Sahu PK,Mohanty A,Mahanta KC,Pattnaik R,Mohanty RR,Joshi S,Mohanty A,Turnbull IW,Dondorp AM,Taylor TE,Wassmer SC

更新日期：2017-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In fungi, most metabolic processes are subject to regulation by light. Trichoderma reesei is adapted to degradation of plant cell walls and regulates production of the required enzymes in a manner dependent on the nutrient source and the light status. Here we investigated the interrelated relevance of two regulation l...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Stappler E,Dattenböck C,Tisch D,Schmoll M

更新日期：2017-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Melioidosis is an underreported infectious disease, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. Understanding the disease susceptibility and pathogenesis is crucial for developing newer diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for this life-threatening infection. In this study, we aimed to analyze th...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Krishnananthasivam S,Sathkumara HD,Corea E,Natesan M,De Silva AD

更新日期：2017-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The notoriously low efficiency of Paramyxoviridae reverse genetics systems has posed a limiting barrier to the study of viruses in this family. Previous approaches to reverse genetics have utilized a wide variety of techniques to overcome the technical hurdles. Although robustness (i.e., the number of attempts that re...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Beaty SM,Park A,Won ST,Hong P,Lyons M,Vigant F,Freiberg AN,tenOever BR,Duprex WP,Lee B

更新日期：2017-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The acquisition of genetic material conferring the arsenal necessary for host virulence is a prerequisite on the path to becoming a plant pathogen. More subtle mutations are also required for the perception of cues signifying the presence of the target host and optimal conditions for colonization. The decision to acti...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Jourdan S,Francis IM,Deflandre B,Loria R,Rigali S

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Virulence is a microbial property that is realized only in susceptible hosts. There is no absolute measurement for virulence, and consequently it is always measured relative to a standard, usually another microbe or host. This article introduces the concept of pathogenic potential, which provides a new approach to mea...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Casadevall A

更新日期：2017-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:In densely populated urban environments, the distribution of microbes and the drivers of microbial community assemblages are not well understood. In sprawling metropolitan habitats, the "urban microbiome" may represent a mix of human-associated and environmental taxa. Here we carried out a baseline study of automated ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Bik HM,Maritz JM,Luong A,Shin H,Dominguez-Bello MG,Carlton JM

更新日期：2016-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The facultative anaerobic polymorphic fungus Candida albicans and the strictly anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium difficile are two opportunistic pathogens residing in the human gut. While a few studies have focused on the prevalence of C. albicans in C. difficile-infected patients, the nature of the intera...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： van Leeuwen PT,van der Peet JM,Bikker FJ,Hoogenkamp MA,Oliveira Paiva AM,Kostidis S,Mayboroda OA,Smits WK,Krom BP

更新日期：2016-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria remains one of the most devastating parasitic diseases worldwide, with 90% of the malaria deaths in Africa in 2013 attributable to Plasmodium falciparum. The clinical symptoms of malaria include cycles of fever, corresponding to parasite rupture from red blood cells every 48 h. Parasite pathways involved in th...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Thomas P,Sedillo J,Oberstaller J,Li S,Zhang M,Singh N,Wang CC,Udenze K,Jiang RH,Adams JH

更新日期：2016-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are common in the general population, with increased prevalence among military trainees. Previous research has revealed numerous nasal microbial signatures that correlate with SSTI development and Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Thus, we hypothesized that the ecology of the ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Singh J,Johnson RC,Schlett CD,Elassal EM,Crawford KB,Mor D,Lanier JB,Law NN,Walters WA,Teneza-Mora N,Bennett JW,Hall ER,Millar EV,Ellis MW,Merrell DS

更新日期：2016-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The Paracoccidioides genus includes two species of thermally dimorphic fungi that cause paracoccidioidomycosis, a neglected health-threatening human systemic mycosis endemic to Latin America. To examine the genome evolution and the diversity of Paracoccidioides spp., we conducted whole-genome sequencing of 31 isolates...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Muñoz JF,Farrer RA,Desjardins CA,Gallo JE,Sykes S,Sakthikumar S,Misas E,Whiston EA,Bagagli E,Soares CM,Teixeira MM,Taylor JW,Clay OK,McEwen JG,Cuomo CA

更新日期：2016-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe health problems. Despite intensive investigation, many aspects of microbial virulence remain poorly understood. We used a high-throughput, high-content, whole-organism, phenotypic screen to identify small molecules that inhibit P. aeruginosa virule...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Kirienko DR,Revtovich AV,Kirienko NV

更新日期：2016-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymyxin B and colistin are exclusively active against Gram-negative pathogens and have been used in the clinic as a last-line therapy. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of a novel polymyxin, FADDI-019, against Staphylococcus aureus. MIC and time-kill assays were employed to measure the activi...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Zhao J,Cheah SE,Roberts KD,Nation RL,Thompson PE,Velkov T,Du Z,Johnson MD,Li J

更新日期：2016-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) H30 subclone of sequence type 131 (ST131-H30) has emerged abruptly as a dominant lineage of ExPEC responsible for human disease. The ST131-H30 lineage has been well described phylogenetically, yet its plasmid complement is not fully understood. Here, single-molec...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Johnson TJ,Danzeisen JL,Youmans B,Case K,Llop K,Munoz-Aguayo J,Flores-Figueroa C,Aziz M,Stoesser N,Sokurenko E,Price LB,Johnson JR

更新日期：2016-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus diseases affect ~500,000 individuals per year in the United States. Worldwide, the USA100, USA200, USA400, and USA600 lineages cause many of the life-threatening S. aureus infections, such as bacteremia, infective endocarditis, pneumonia, toxic shock syndrome, and surgical site infections. Howeve...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： King JM,Kulhankova K,Stach CS,Vu BG,Salgado-Pabón W

更新日期：2016-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The oral periodontopathic bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum has been repeatedly associated with colorectal tumors. Molecular analysis has identified specific virulence factors that promote tumorigenesis in the colon. However, other oral community members, such as members of the Porphyromonas spp., are also found with ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Flynn KJ,Baxter NT,Schloss PD

更新日期：2016-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycine serves as a major source of single carbon units for biochemical reactions within bacterial cells. Utilization of glycine is tightly regulated and revolves around a key group of proteins known as the glycine cleavage system (GCS). Our lab previously identified the transcriptional regulator GcsR (PA2449) as bein...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Sarwar Z,Lundgren BR,Grassa MT,Wang MX,Gribble M,Moffat JF,Nomura CT

更新日期：2016-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Human norovirus interacts with the polymorphic human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), and this interaction is thought to be important for infection. The genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4) noroviruses are the dominant cluster, evolve every other year, and are thought to modify their binding interactions with different ...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Singh BK,Leuthold MM,Hansman GS

更新日期：2016-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by neurotoxigenic clostridial species, are the cause of the severe disease botulism in humans and animals. Early research on BoNTs has led to their classification into seven serotypes (serotypes A to G) based upon the selective neutralization of their toxicity in mice by homolog...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Pellett S,Tepp WH,Bradshaw M,Kalb SR,Dykes JK,Lin G,Nawrocki EM,Pier CL,Barr JR,Maslanka SE,Johnson EA

更新日期：2016-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Zoonosis is the leading cause of emerging infectious diseases. In a recent article, R. S. Shabman et al. (mSphere 1[1]:e00070-15, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00070-15) report the identification of a novel gammaherpesvirus in a cell line derived from the microbat Myotis velifer incautus. This is the first r...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Host KM,Damania B

更新日期：2016-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Human adenoviruses (HAdV), species D in particular (HAdV-D), are frequently associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Although the infection originates at the ocular surface epithelium, the mechanisms by which HAdV-Ds bypass the membrane-associated mucin (MAM)-rich glycocalyx of the ocular surface epitheliu...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Menon BB,Zhou X,Spurr-Michaud S,Rajaiya J,Chodosh J,Gipson IK

更新日期：2016-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections by malaria parasites can lead to very different clinical outcomes, ranging from mild symptoms to death. Differences in the ability of the spleen to deal with the infected red blood cells (iRBCs) are linked to differences in virulence. Using virulent and avirulent strains of the rodent malaria parasite Plasm...

journal_title：mSphere

authors： Huang X,Huang S,Ong LC,Lim JC,Hurst RJ,Mushunje AT,Matsudaira PT,Han J,Preiser PR

更新日期：2015-12-09 00:00:00